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| Iran Persian Calligraphy |
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Iranian calligraphy (known by Iranians) or Persian calligraphy (known by Western countries) is an art work on paper, combined with painting, or a book illustration, wall painting, on carpet or a separate art work with root in Persian poetry in Iran.
Persian calligraphy is considered to be one of the most eye catching and fascinating manifestations of Persian culture. The history of calligraphy in Iran dates back to 3th millennium BC mostly seen in Jiroft Civilization (Kerman province of Iran) ,and also several calligraphy on stone dated back to 550 BC during Achamenid dynasty which beautiful and clear writings were always praised.
The alphabet of Persian language has changed 4 times during history from Nail alphabet to Avestan, Pahlavi and the current one which is simply known as three stages of Old Persian, Middle Persian and Modern Persian.
Six main genres of Iranian calligraphy were invented during history "Tahqiq", "Reyhan", "Sols", "Naskh" and "Toqih" and "Reqah". These genres were common for four centuries. Later a new genre of Persian calligraphy was invented and named "Ta'liq", and also contemporary artists combined with painting.
To name few of artists:
Ahmad Neyrizi, Hossein Mirkhani, Ali Akbar Kaveh, Ebrahim Bouzari, Hassan Mirkhani, Mehdi Baiani. Zendeh Roudi, Jalil Rasouli, Parviz Tanavoli (also calligraphy as sculpture).
Fashion designers Nima Behnoud and Masih Zad use Persian calligraphy and poetry in dress designing.
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